At previous chapter Buckle- and Double-Connecting-Rod were discussed mechanisms by which more forces are working than given by causal force. Components of forces not expedient (at least partly) can be eliminated by skilful arrangement of parts. Useful components are available as additional energy.
Also gravity weight can ´generate´ additional, ´free´ energy by corresponding arrangements of mechanism. Here objective is to design self running wheel using this principle. At first however, mechanism of gravity and inertia in general is to discuss.
Ether Movement
I am convinced everything exists of ether. Ether is single real existing substance, all other appearances are ´only´ results of its diverse pattern of movements. Known physical laws (especially that of constance of energies) are only to explain, if ether is assumed as real continuum, as one single matter of substance, without any borders inside and without any separated ´particles´.
There exists a basic universal movement of ether, where all points (only mentally located volume-shares) are synchronously swinging. Areas moving that kind are called ´free ether´.
At picture EV GM 20 at A this basic movement is shown schematically. In reality, these movements are rather complex, here simply shown as circled movement. Coherence of all ether one can imagine that kind, all points of ether are bound to each other by ´connecting-rods´ (P). If one point of ether is turning at circled track, all other points have to turn same, parallel way (naturally also this ´connecting-rod´, which represents all ether points between these two points looked at).
Free ether is moving uniform. At A thus are marked two points (at each end of rod) and their positions while one steady revolution at circle track (thus synchronous swinging of all ether of universe within space).
Gravity Movement
Movement of ether nearby celestial bodies is no more uniform. For example, mass of earth cushions universal ether movement resp. earth-materia builds a ´closed´ system of movements, which does not swing same kind like free ether above. The nearer to earth, the faster ether swings towards earth and the slower movements swing back outward.
These not-uniform speeds schematically are shown at this picture at B (way of points each time-unit is different) and even more different speeds shows movement at C. Effect of this kind of different circled movement is, ether ´hammers´ from upside onto material bodies, so these seam to be pressed down.
Materia Movement
Materia is coarse-matter - opposite to ´fine-matter´. These terms however are misleading. There are not two (or even more) kinds of different substances, there exists only that single one substance called ether (All exists of One). Difference in general only is, ´materia´ is ether moving at larger-scale tracks. So difference better would be named ´fine-swinging´ (free ether) and ´coarse-swinging´ (resp. ´bounded ether´ like material appearances etc.).
Kernel of coarse movement schematically is shown at this picture at D. An ether-point there, in principle is moving same speed like free ether, only at stretched tracks (here simply marked as circled track with larger radius). Still however is valid, if one point of ether is moving that kind, all neighbouring points have to move synchronously. Upside ´connecting-rod´ however can no longer be linear line, but has to be bended line (P) in shape of spiralic winding and twisting connecting-curve.
At this example, blue circled track could represent atom nucleus. Area of balancing movements from coarse (large scale circle) to fine (towards all, in all directions neighbouring, small-scale movements of free ether) is larger by billions than kernel of movement (e.g. like sun affects out into universe, in relation to diameter of sun). Atom thus don´t reach far out until its ´electrons´ (these are only reflections of light at bending and winding connecting lines), but every atom has a wide-reaching ´aura´ of surrounding and equalising ether movements - without any ´hard´ border.
Mass (M) of materia thus is not represented only by its material nucleus and electrons (which normally are only looked at), but mass is represented by total volume of bounded, i.e. involved coarse ether movement. Onto that large movement´s complex, nearby earth affects not-uniform movement of ether, as centripetal pressure, which commonly is called gravity weight (GK).
Track Shifted
At picture EV GM 21 this fact is pointed out clearer, at A at first a resting part of materia. Kernel of materia (MK) is represented by relative large circled track of an ether point. Upside and downside (and into all directions) exists free ether (F), represented here by relative small circled track of an ether point.
Simplified now one may imagine, ether points between small and large circle, from free ether to bounded ether move at circles with increasing radius (here marked by dotted cone). This total area is ´bounded ether´ (G, German Gebundener Äther), that ´aura´ of balancing movements between fine and coarse.
This complex of movements at A is a vortex-system resting in space. At B schematically is shown situation, that vortex is moving downward within space. Ether by itself does not ´walk ahead´ within space, ether only is turning resp. swinging resp. whirling at relative limited area of space, free ether e.g. only at distances of quants.
Through that relatively resting ether, previous vortex-system is moving (here downwards). An ether-point at point T1 in time is moving at fine track, track becomes larger scale at time-point T2, falling back again to narrow track at time-point T3.
Instead of relative static conditions of resting materia, by materia moving in space are demanded much more changes of tracks of much more ether-points. One single ether-point (e.g. downside of materia kernel) can not move simply aside, but same time many neighbouring ether points must do corresponding and additional balancing movements within wide area. Instead of synchronous turning of all ether-points of resting materia, here all ether-points, through which vortex is walking, are forced to change their movements, so previous circled tracks are shifted downwards, resulting spiralic track with much longer distance.
Mass Growing
At previous picture at C schematically is shown, how an apple falls off tree. Its mass (M) inclusive its movement-aura (G) hangs at branch, at whole vortices-complex of apple weights previous gravity weight - until stalk breaks off branch.
Not at all there is falling a special materia (apple-kind substance) downwards, there ´only´ is walking a special pattern of ether movement through relatively resting free ether (F). Below of apple is free ether, which only temporarily takes shape of movement pattern of apple (by gravity pressed through). Afterwards this area of ether will come back to movement pattern of free ether.
So there come up changes of movements of additional ether-areas, and thus further ether-points are forced to additional ´balancing manoeuvres´. Whole volume of ether involved in these movements becomes steady more wide. So ´mass´ of bounded ether (G) grows - what commonly is named increasing kinetic energy. Onto whole steady growing vortices-structure affects previous gravity pressure - what commonly is named steady acceleration of speed.
Impact Transfer
Lastly apple will hit onto ground, lastly its movement´s complex will reduce volume to original ´mass´ of materia resting in space. This mass includes only apple´s resp. its atom´s nucleus (with coarse movements at centre) and balancing areas (surrounding finer and fine movements). It´s previous mass-enlargement resp. kinetic energy is transferred onto earth when hitting the ground.
However, energy is not transferred in total. By known experiments with pendulums is well known, total transfer of impact is only possible by mass hitting onto body of same or smaller size resp. of same or less weight.
Before apple hits earth, already when apple approaches earth, great part of apple´s movement-aura is redirected aside by much larger aura of earth (like at fluid-technology experiments show, when water jet hits onto a surface by different distances).
That´s important for machines using kinetic energy of free fall, as impact of effective mass should hit onto equal or lighter masses, e.g. impact should not be transferred onto heavy fly-wheel. Enlarged volume of ether movements of a body in motion can only be transferred onto a correspondingly shaped body.
Transfer of impact commonly is only handled as mathematical model, at most is looked at processes within molecular areas, differences between theory and reality are ´naturally´ inevitable losses of heat. Finally when looking at processes of ether movement, one will get fitting results (e.g. not constantly steady acceleration of free fall, not exactly this across-the-board E=m/2*v*v) and one will be able to design really useful machines.
Inertia
Inertia of resting mass seams plausible. However - it is not at all ´inherent´ to materia. A body resp. its stabile vortices-system wants to stay at it´s local place, cause changing local place demands far reaching changes of ether movements in wide surrounding area.
Astonishing however is, ether movements work absolutely friction-less, while all experiences of movements at material level are always marked by inevitable (heat-) losses. Electrons for example (by common scientific knowledge) circle around atom nucleus for billions of years - without losses.
At previous picture at D is shown a body (M) moving from right to left side. Onto air- or fluid-parts that body will affect forces (K1) into direction ahead, which lastly however will only result accelerated molecular movements within fluid, thus lastly kinetic energy of movement ahead is transferred into heat.
Theoretically however, within ideal gas, corresponding to produced pressure (K1) at front side should result pressure (K2) onto backside of body (cause within ideal gas every pressure spreads equally in any direction). Thus movement ahead of that body theoretically should be friction-less (but there exists friction, cause normal fluids are no ideal gas).
Just these friction-less movements occur within ether - cause this matter has no parts, so no chaotic movements can come up, as each movement within one area of ether same time demands corresponding or balancing movements in wide surrounding area. So inertia is not inherent property of materia, but is resulting of persistence of installed vortices-system within its total wide volume of involved movements, called bounded ether (G).
So if a vortices-system walks through space, huge volume of ether is involved within that movement. Each extension of ether movement (e.g. at larger radius) in front of vortices-center same time and inevitably demands corresponding reduction of ether movement backside of vortices-center (e.g. going back to original small radius). So forces K1 and K2 of previous picture are totally equal within ether.
Again there exists a stabil vortices-system, not locally fixed but inclusive its movement ahead walking through space. Involved volume of ether movements is enlarged by walking through space, so this ´mass´ shows enlarged ´power resp. energy´. No separated part of that volume abruptly can ´stand still´, without changes of all involved surrounding ether areas.
That´s essential property of inertia resp. of kinetic energy - not any ´mass inherent property´. Based at these considerations however there is one decisive property of ether - its undividability, being real continuum. There is no ´strange body of materia´ walking through empty space, but vortices-systems of ether move through ether, without any border-surfaces, without any separated parts, without friction-losses, as movements going on and on.
Inertia and energies are to calculate by common known formulas. Real fitting machines however are only to design, if essence of ether and mechanism of its movements are integrated. These subjects ahead are described in details by section Ether-Physics of this website (at the moment are published only two basic parts, following parts will be publishes step by step).
Forces at Wheel
At picture EV GM 22 is draw a mass (M) at diverse positions while turning around system axis (SA). Mass could be guided by a crank (K). Previous forces of gravity and inertia of mass at turning wheel here are marked schematically. At the following is assumed turning left, so counter clockwise.
At A is marked gravity weight (GK) by vertical lines at these diverse positions. At B is marked correspondingly inertia force (TK, German Trägheitskraft) by lines into each tangential direction. Both lines show same lengths, representing equal amount of forces.
At C is drawn each resulting force (RK, German Resultierende Kraft). Into that direction by that amount of force, mass wants to move, pressed by gravity weight and ´pushed´ by inertia, based on actual movement of ether-vortices through space.
It´s remarkable, left side at downward moving mass both forces vectorially add, while right side at upward moving of mass these forces vectorially reduce each other (more or less). At different positions not at all forces are symmetric nor of same amount nor of identical direction.
This bundle of lines of resulting forces represents in addition a superior ether vortex, which comes up within wheels like this (especially if several masses are installed). That´s practically a horizontal ´tornado´, with kernel around system axis, demanding large balancing ether movements in wide area of surrounding bounded ether.
At this picture at D resulting forces of mass more inside of wheel are marked. These forces are weaker and in general show some more downward. Around this wheel thus is no symmetric vortex, but a complex of movements with rolling axis of movements.
Stress and Rest
These twisting vortices are typical for coarse-shaped ether movements. However, mechanical rotation by high speeds and limited surrounding areas for demanded balancing movements, especially when combined with magnetic flux or electricity of high frequences - result ´stress´ within ether. When visiting engine room of power stations, not only noise and mechanical vibrations are to feel physically - but directly this ether-stress.
Who don´t feel or ´forgot´ to feel this stress (resulting of all fast motions and permanent and anywhere existing electromagnetic smog) should go into loneliness of mountains or sea to remember what´s adequate to men like nature.
That´s why it´s important, at least some part of energy requirement should be produced by slowly turning wheels, purely mechanical, without side-effects by guarantee. After these preliminary remarks, I will contribute considerations for this aim.
Lever-Arm-Mechanism
At previous chapter were discussed diverse systems of lever arms. At picture EV GM 23 at A one of is drawn (analogue to beams of guesthouse signs).
Mass (M) is hold by two arms showing left upward. Arm below is called weight-arm (LH, German Lasthebel) and downside is supported by weight-joint (LG, German Lastgelenk). Upper arm is called supporting-arm (SH, German Stützarm) and is supported by support-joint (SG, German Stützgelenk). Both joints are installed at rotor-arm (RT, German Rotorträger), which is free turnable around system axis (SA).
Mass is hold via both arms by vertical counter-forces, however there exist additional pressure- and pulling-forces at joints. Gravity weight of mass affects turning momentum at rotor-arm (RT) at each effective length of lever arms.
So rotor-arm (RT) will turn, e.g. into position at B, mass will fall down (C) and like pendulum will swing up again (D). At this position D for example, turning momentum is like at position A. At upper arm exist pulling forces, at lower arm exist pressing forces - now however against wanted turning sense of wheel (here all times left-turning is assumed, thus counter clockwise).
Gliding Joints
Naturally, this process of movements is null-sum-game. Symmetry must be broken, therefore at E is drawn an essential constructional element. Supporting-joint (SG) is build that kind, not to take pressure, i.e. is build as cross-joint, within which supporting-arm (SH) can move some to and fro.
Thus mass no longer is hold outward right side, but can swing back to left side. Weight of mass now hangs only at upper weight-arm (LH), which shows rather small angles towards rotor-arm (RT). So weight of mass mainly is taken by system axis.
By this ´collapsed´ position of arms, mass now is guided upward (F) to its uppermost position (G), afterward mass again can fall outward (H) into starting position A.
Falling outside and inside
At picture EV GM 24 rotor-arm (RT) is drawn at twelve positions while one revolution. At animation, these twelve pictures show process on motion.
Mass at 12-o´clock is at collapsed lever-arm-system. About 11-o´clock mass starts falling outward, where supporting-arm (SH) with its supporting-joint (SG) glides outwards. Falling-outward phase will go on until 8-o´clock. There however, supporting-arm again takes pulling forces, so mass is guided onto circled track.
Stretched position of arms will go on until 5-o´clock, at least at 4-o´clock mass will fall inward again. At 3-o´clock arms are collapsed in total, by this position move back upward to uppermost position.
For better comparison, concentric circle is drawn. However, mass moves outside resp. inside of circled track only little bit. So static un-balancy is rather small. Surplus of turning momentum of this system, thus only could result of dynamic motion, by falling-outward and by impact of deceleration of falling movement.
Tangentially and Radially
This lever-arm-system now is an ´invention´, many inventors made long ago and there are numberless experiments similar kind. In principle, an effective mass is falling or moved outwards and mass swivels back inside. As a rule, some lever arms are beard gliding.
At picture EV GM 26 several possibilities are drawn. At A previous lever-arm-system is drawn once more by collapsed status. At B at same position, arms are drawn by outward-reaching status. Possibility of movement of weight-arm (LH) is given resp. limited by gliding of supporting-arm (SH) within supporting-joint (SG).
An other possibility is drawn at C, where length of supporting-arm (SH) is constant, however supporting-joint (SG) is moveable at rotor-arm (RT).
At D and E is drawn third possibility, where gliding joint (GG, German Gleitendes Gelenk) is installed at weight-arm (LH).
All three variations allow falling outward and back inward of effective mass. By stopping of falling movement results an impact and it´s important, impact works tangentially (resp. right-angles to radial direction). That´s given by previous variations and probably also by most other likely inventions.
Also falling-back-inside results an impact, however in negative turning sense. Many known inventions don´t take in account this fact. In order to eliminate this negative effect (at least mainly), inward-movement may not affect tangentially. Stop of back-turning movement must occur in radial direction, so impact is taken by system axis.
Here, version C works like this, where inward-folding of arms is stopped when supporting-joint (SG) is radially stopped near system-axis. Also version D stops movement in radial direction, as gliding of joint inside results impact at spokes in nearby radial directions.
Mass at Arm
At picture EV GM 27 are drawn two more versions with that radial support of negative impact. At A, supporting-joint (SG) is gliding at rotor-arm (RT) and back-swinging is limited by its stop near system axis (SA). At C, likely gliding joint is arranged within weight-arm (LH) and by its stop, impact is taken outside by supporting-joint (SG).
At both versions, stop of outward-falling movement results impact right-angles to rotor-arm (RT), for example like shown at B.
Different to previous versions, here weight-arm is drawn cudgel-shaped and centre of mass is positioned outside at arm. So impact by stopping falling-movement works at longer lever arm, results stronger turning momentum.
At other chapters of this website was described in details, at theses cases it´s not allowed to think mass theoretically combined and located at one spot of mass-centre. Parts of mass inside and outside move at different tracks by different speeds. For proper results, at least two centres of mass-parts must be looked at, e.g. an inner mass (MI) and an outer mass (MA, German Masse Außen).
Servo-Motor or -Mass
One problem of these ´self-running wheels´ is, falling-outwards must start early and (even more important) moving-inward of mass must start in time. Last weeks was published a ´Gravity-Converter with Servo-Control´ by Reinhold Deckert. He managed this problem by servo-motors, which swivel out and in masses at optimum time. This generator is told to produce 3 kW, much more than servo-motors demand energy. This machine was shown at some congresses (however, at the moment I didn´t see this generator).
Demanded movement at proper time could also be managed by ´servo-masses´. Version C of previous picture EV GM 27 schematically is drawn once more at picture EV GM 28. Arm-system is installed twice, opposite to system axis. Six pictures show twelve positions (upper row left to right, row below from right to left).
At weight-arm (LH) each two parts of masses are marked (green), where inner mass functions as servo-mass.
At position 12, left-side inner-mass is near to system axis, at 11 falls some outside left, at 10 and 9 comes below system axis, at 8 and 7 swings to right side and upward.
At this whole phase, inner mass practically shows no effect. This inner mass moves relative slowly, thus shows only few inertia forces (see previous EV GM 22 at D).
At position 6 thus inner mass already wants to fall inward - and thus affects counter movement´s direction of outer part of masses. So whole weight-arm will swing back early (5), arm-system collapses (4) and in this position moves back upwards (3). Also very early (2 and 1), inner masse is positioned back at left side of system.
By useful spreading of parts of masses at weight-arm, thus at least early swinging back-inward of arm-system is to achieve.
Result
At this chapter were discussed some essential points of view concerning different mechanisms. It might seam neglectable to philosophize about real essence of gravity and inertia, cause commonly known formulas are sufficient for construction of machines.
In my conviction however one must pay attention to basic movements of ether for designing really useful machines. Previous cudgel-shape for example shows into this direction. Based at simple formulas, today e.g. simple wheels with simple straight spokes are produced. In earlier times, e.g. fly wheels were build by spiralic spokes - which indeed turn much easier, are more effective without any doubt.
Essential understanding of previous considerations is, not static un-balancy but ´mass-growth´ by free falling is to achieve. Important is also, impact by stop of falling motion is to transfer into turning momentum at its best. Likely important however is to avoid negative turning momentum by falling back-inside of mass.
Lastly important point of view is early starting of falling-out like falling-back of masses. Discussion about these problems will go on at following chapter Falling within Wheel.
Evert / 01. November 2003
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