At previous chapter Rhönrad-Motor, essential effect for acceleration of rotation was worked out to be based on relative deceleration / acceleration of effective masses at excentric track. This concept well could be used by Bessler, who wanted to construct a steady turning ´water-wheel´ by pur mechanical parts. Strange enough, rise and fall of masses there won´t matter.
Instead of using gravity (like at these wheels with horicontal axis), usage of inertia is preferable, cause centrifugal forces are to produce easy and as we like it by rotor systems (with preferably vertical axis). Water, rise, fall, rotation - just this makes moon by tides on earth. So subject of this chapter is to rebuild ´tide-energy-station´ analog to earth-moon-system, only smaller scale, but with some remarkable characteristics.
Earth and moon are planet and trabant, however behave like many double-star-systems. Common view is, moon by ´attractive-forces´ causes tide within sea. This could be true for tide at moon-side of earth, however tide at moon-opposite side of earth already must have an other explanation. Indeed, there are no attractive forces at all, also gravity is no pulling force, gravity propably could be describe as some pushing kind of force. Nevertheless, gravity and inertia are based at quite other facts (see Ether-Theory). Low tide and high tide, at any case, are based at accleration / deceleration of masses at excentric tracks.
Excentric Track
In EV CPS 91 at A is shown constellation earth (E, green circle) plus moon (M, grey circle) shematically. Both bodies wander resp. ´tumble´ around sun resp. through space. Masses of both bodies thereby turn around a common turning point (DP, German Drehpunkt). This fulcrum is aside of center of earth (EA), shifted some into direction of moon. All parts of masses rotate around that turning point by same angles-speed. Absolute speeds within space however are different, depending on distance of masses towards turning point (marked by dotted arrows). This turning point divides masses of earth in tow different ´halfs´ (marked by vertical lines).
All masses of earth thus in space are accelerated and decelerated, resulting of are tensions within earth´s crust and inside of earth. Water masses however can move versus sea-ground. If water is at moon-side of earth, absolute speed of these waters is decelerated (resp. sea-ground there). These waters pile up (versus weight) to high moon-sided tide (F1).
Opposite, at moon-opposite side of earth, sea-ground does move fast downside of waters above. Waters there practically roll ´backwards´, building water-hills of smaller high tide (F2). As discussed by previous chapter, delay is done by shorter distance resp. time, while re-acceleration is done at stretched distances. So there results tide more violent (F1) by running ahead of waters, while backward rolling movement (F2) of waters is softer and less high.
At Röhnrad-Motor of previous chapter these phases are comparable with tilting-ahead upside and re-acceleration of rotation downside. At basic chapter Wheels at Tracks moved these occurances were named ´Stumple- resp. Slide-Effects´, there described in details.
Acceleration of Rotation
Moon once a month turns around earth, earth turns once a day around its axis. At EV CPS 91 at A simplyfied is assumed, moon is standing still and earth is turning counter clock-wise. Moon-sided tide (F1) is running ahead of sea-ground. When tide waves crash onto coast, rotation of earth is accelerated. Indeed, our ´inner clock´ runs 25-hour-days (in closed rooms, uncoubled of normal daylight, relict of earlier development phases?).
Indeed, there are double-star-systems with ´unbelievable´ fast rotation speeds. Ether there (there are no solid ´particles´, everything is ether, there are only very different patterns and structures of movements of same ether) is extremely ´stressed´, so for equalation into axial direction hard radiation (with overlight speed?) must exit.
Prerequisite for high acceleration of rotation like this is, common fulcrum must be relative far aside of center of larger star and at least this celestial body must be build up by a mix of differently ´liquide´ masses.
If coasts of earth would be shaped more ´senseful´, e.g. like shown at EV CPS 91 at B, acceleration of rotation would be much stronger. Same would result, if chambers of earth magma would be shaped correspondingly. If we would like to achieve ´acceleration by tide´, masses within a rotor should be arranged like drawn in EV CPS 91 at C, as an example. Tide (F1) there would ´rise´ towards inside (versus centrifugal forces) in deceleration phase. At end of this chapter, corresponding ´tide-energy-station´ is described.
Running ahead and falling back
Decisive effect is shown once more by example of EV CPS 92. A car (RO) is movable at a track (RT). Within that car, effective mass (WM, German wirksame Masse) is arranged, here e.g. swingable within its round supporting surface.
If that car moves with constant speed, mass all times will stay at lowest possible position. If speed of car is reduced, mass will slosh ahead-upside. If speed of car is re-acclerated, mass will slide back into old position.
If now high speed (HG, German hohe Geschwindigkeit) and low speed (NG, German niedrige Geschwindigkeit) are driven in steady change, mass will swing within its support. If timing of these speed-changes is optimum, mass can move in space nearby constant by average speed. Mass then would be positioned within car at car´s middle or mostly some frontside, i.e. gravity will weight mainly at sloped surface (backside down), thus mostly will exist a thrust component ahead (like tide above affects thrust versus coast when rising - but also when sliding back onto sloped coast).
Model Earth-Moon
This process of movements, now is to integrate into turning system. Practically a copy of earth-moon- or double-star-system in general is to design. Previous track (RT) theoretically is to bend into a circle, swinging-ahead of effective mass then is done ahead-inwards (instead of ahead-upwards), thus counter centrifugal forces (instead counter gravity). At first however, sensefull angle of previous ´sloped surface´ is to discuss, by schematically drawing of EV CPS 93.
Turning point (DP) represents center of system (comparable to earth-moon-system). Around this fulcrum, total system turns e.g. by 15 degrees each time unit (here always assumed counter clock-wise, marked by grey arrow left side).
A mass (M1) at rotor (comparable to earth) in addition turns around rotor axis (RA) (comparable to earth axis, marked by blue arrow left side). Speed of mass (M1) within space thus results of addition of its turning around turning point (DP) with long radius (R1) plus its turning around rotor axis (RA) with rotor radius (R2). Kinetic energy of mass (M1) corresponds to that absolute speed in space as a whole.
That mass (M1) thus is positioned at large radius, in relation to turning point (DP) of system (comparable to moon-opposite side of earth). When this mass did turn 180 degrees, its radius to fulcrum is shorter by two-fold excentrity (distance between rotor axis (RA) and turning point (DP), comparable to moon-side of earth). Correspondingly slower is its absolute speed within space.
If its absolute speed - and thus its kinetic energy - should keep constant, mass would have to run larger angles-speeds resp. should have to move ahead, and would make sense to move towards inside too. This new postition of mass here is marked by M2 (analog to running ahead and piling up of high tide).
Here this point (M2) is chosen that kind, mass will run additional some 15 degrees each time unit. Radius (R3) to turning point (DP) and radius (R4) to rotor axis can be chosen that kind, sum of each angles-speed multiplied by each radius will result nearby same absolute speed (thus in sum, kinetic energy of mass is nearby same amount).
So mass should be allowed to move from its old position (M1), resp. mirrored by 180 degrees, to that new position (M2). That distance, mass should be able to swing ahead and back, sliding within a bearing of rotor (RL, German Rotorlager). This bearing for example, could be a supporting surface, shaped like a circled bow (analog e.g. to Sunwheel-Motor). Center of this support here is called turning point of bearing (DL, German Drehpunkt des Lagers), practically analog to supporting surface within previous car resp. indirectly analog to sea-ground).
Basic design
Now, basic conciderations about acceleration of rotation analog to earth-moon- resp. double-star-systems are discussed. So now basic design is to descibe, schmatically shown in EV CPS 94, upside by cross-sectional view, below by longitudinal cross-sectional view through system axis.
Circumference of total system is represented by rotor arm (RT), which is turnable around system axis (SA). Within rotor arm (RT) is a circle shaped drilling, excentric to system axis, thus concentric to its excenter axis (EA). This drilling is filled up by rotor (RO), which is turnable around its rotor axis (RA, thus identical to excentric axis).
Within rotor, previous mentioned bended bearings (RL) are arranged, within which effective mass (WM) can swing ahead-inward resp. back-outwards. Here as an example, six of these bearings and effective masses within rotor are drawn. At longitudinal cross-sectional view below, as an example two of such moduls are drawn, naturally shifted correspondingly.
Rotor represents earth (green), effective masses represent waters of sea (blue), thick part (right) of rotor arm (RT) represents moon (grey), so total system is balanced. Now there must be drive (AN, German Antrieb) at hollow shaft of rotor arm (RT), thus turning of earth-moon-system around common turning point (system axis) is simulated.
Effective masses (left) are at large radius to system axis, so do show relative high absolute speed. When these masses come to smaller radius (right) to system axis, they want to keep their absolute speed in space, based on inertia forces. Without loss of kinentic energy, thus these masses are slinged ahead-inwards.
As they mainly can keep their absolute speed, at the follow they are able to swing outward to larger radius again, while within rotor they move backwards. Might be, effective masses are decelerated a little bit at inward-phase. Nevertheless they then transfer turning momentum onto rotor, by which rotor is able to re-accelerate masses correspondingly at outward-phase. So this process of movements is a null-sum-game, friction losses neglected.
However, not symmetrical and balanced and equal at all are effects of centrifugal forces. Normally these forces show radial and counter-forces as well. Here however, centrifugal forces all times affect counter ´sloped surfaces´, inward phase and outward phase as well. So steady will exist force component into turning sense of rotor (like into turning sense of system in total). That´s real thrust-effect of acceleration of rotation within double-star-systems as described above.
Now however its question, if or how this self-acceleration can be used. It´s well known, within space no energy can go lost nore energy is to gain. Indeed, accleration of one star´s rotation all times implies deceleration of rotation of total system or its translation within space. There is only a transfer of turning momentum from total system (turning slower and / or moving slower within space) to rotor (turning faster around its own axis).
Fix Point
Inertia of masses resist any acceleration or deceleration. By this system, mass left side is to accelerate within space, mass right side is to decelerate (even masses are turning around rotor axis constantly). Mass left side doesn´t want to run faster, mass right side wants to keep its speed.
This means, mass left side practically builds a ´fix point´ within space, around which mass right side will swing, thus pushing rotor axis backwards (here towards upside). That´s why absolutely certain acceleration of rotor-rotation implies deceleration of turning of total system resp. delay of its translation within space.
´Give me a fix point within space and I´ll lift world out of hinges´. Old Greek easy made this bet, cause fix points for supporting any lever arm are rare in universe. Why however, why shouldn´t be possible to install that fix point within tiny mechanical model of double-star-system?
So it´s question, where best could be catched surplus forces of self-acceleration. Fix point quite left side would be wrong, cause around that point now indeed total system would swing, pressed backwards and delayed. Fix point quite right side would brake down speed and any possibility of movement (practically like at celestial bodies exclusively build of stable materia).
Surplus of forces are to gain only inside of effective masses responsible for self-acceleration, thus here masses right side, and outside of rotor axis. This point at picture above is marked as supporting point (AP, German Auflagepunkt). Around this ´fix´ point, mass right side can sway and fly ahead free, same time working as lever arm for further turning of rotor axis and acceleration of masses left side.
By that intervention (fix point at right place) into system, pressure of effective mass (right side) onto sloped surface is not diminished, however its effect of delay of total system is excluded. By this ´peg rammed into system´ is hindered, rotor axis to move backwards (so acceleration of rotor rotation no longer implies deceleration of total system). Opposite, onto this ´barrier´ weight useful forces.
At this animation, within rotor is installed only one bended bearing and one effective mass. Way of mass ahead-inwards (to short radius) is to observe like following falling back-outwards (to larger radius). On the other hand is to watch, rotor practically swinging around supporting ´point´ (central black circle).
System-shaft and Drive
This supporting point (AP) in previous picture EV CPS 94 is build between system-shaft and rotor. System-shaft there is constructed as gear wheel (ZR, German Zahnrad). Rotor there shows a concentric drilling, constructed as gear rim (ZK, German Zahnkranz).
When system is started, drive (AN, German Antrieb) must be done at hollow shaft of rotor arm (RT), so turning of total system is achieved. Also in running modus, drive there is demanded to compensate losses of friction. By this drive, system is controlled, e.g. also stopped.
When system is started, also drive at system-shaft makes sense, so rotation of rotor e.g. is acelerated to double turning speed. Afterwards however, surplus of power of rotor´s self-acceleration is to ´brake out of system´ by system-shaft.
Whole construction is rather simple, demanding only few parts. Naturally there must be a housing (here not drawn) for bearing shafts. Rotor arm (RT) in principle is a crank, so rotor can turn around its rotor axis, but excentrically to system axis. Naturally bearing of rotor within rotor arm (RT) could be done diverse kind, much better than shown at these schematical sketches.
Within rotor, effective masses are to bear that kind, inertia of mass can effect thrust within deceleration-phase of short radius. Also these bearings and masses are to realize diverse shape (like e.g. beautiful sickles of Sunwheel-Motor and other corresponding crop circle pictures).
Energy-Bilance
Decisive however is central gear with system-shaft (as gear wheel) and central drilling within rotor (as gear rim). Only this design builds previous fix supporting point (which however in reality is also turning in space). Only by supporting lever arms at this right place is hindered, acceleration of rotor-rotation demands corresponding deceleration of total system.
At EV CPS 95 once more effects of lever arms are shown, for demonstration by stretched scales. At A is shown previous starting position. Whole system is turning around central turning point (DP), masses (M1 and M2) turn around rotor axis (RA) with rotor´s radius (R2 and R4). These rotor radius here are of same length, so (simplified) here masses are not guided inwards on a sloped surface.
In relation to turning point (DP), masses however turn at differently long radius (R1 and R3). Mass outside (M1) is accelerated, mass inside (M2) is decelerated. Mass outside resists versus acceleration, thus building ´fix´ point within space. Mass inside (M2) wants to keep absolute speed, thus wants to go larger angles-speed around turning point (DP).
At B is shown result of this relation of forces. Mass inside (M2) well can move corresponding to its inertia within space, while mass outside (M1) same time isn´t forced to acelerate strongly. Masse inside (M2) thus practically swings around mass outside (M1) - thus pushing also rotor axis (RA) backwards (at this picture upwards). By this movement, also a new position of turning point (DP) will come up (to recognize in comparison with black horicontal line).
So this lever arm effect results acceleration of rotor-rotation, same time however turning of rotor axis around turning point (DP) is delayed, same time turning point (DP) is shifted backwards. So acceleration of rotor-rotation is done on account of system-rotation and system´s translation within space (as well known).
Now at C this fix supporting point (AP) is introduced, not available in space, but well available within this mechanical construction. Thereby mass inside (M2) is forced to swing around this supporting point (AP). Thus is hindered, rotor axis can move backwards. Same time turning of mass outside (M1) is accelerated.
In reality however, also this supporting point isn´t ´fix´ in space, but is turnable around turning point (DP), like shown at D. Really fix point in space thus is central turning point (DP) of total system. Around this fulcrum inner mass (M1) really swings and also rotor axis goes on turning around this fulcrum. As rotor axis moves ahead, so supporting point (AP) moves back, both turning around fulcrum (DP). As supporting point is turnable around turning point (DP), at supporting point (AP) weight all masses at a lever arm in relation to turning point (DP). This is realized by connection of teeths of gear wheel (ZR) of system-shaft and gear rim (ZK) of rotor.
´Resistance´ (by delay of moving backwards) which this supporting point produces (counter backward moving of system in total), that´s usable energy component for drive (AB, German Abtrieb, means output of energy) outside of system. Weight onto supporting point (AP) is a lever arm in relation to turning point (DP), thus gear wheel of system-shaft is pressed into turnings, same turning sense like system in total. As discussed also at earlier chapters, this ´brakeing back´ of a turning movement within a primary system is to use for drive at a secundary system. Energy-balancy lastly is equalized, by sure, however finally by (senseful or wanted) work of secundary system (e.g. electro generator).
By this principle of Perpetuum Mobile Third Kind motors and applications most different kind are to construct. One version is previous Moon-Motor, but also following Tide-Energy-Station works similar. This machine is not to install at seaside but everywhere. This machine doesn´t use low and high tide, but only high tide, however strongly enforced by suction-effect.
Tide-Energy-Station
Basic design is shown schematically in EV CPS 96, upside by cross-sectional view, below by longitudinal cross-sectional view through system axis. Construction is analog to previous, e.g. could also be build by several modules (however here at longitudinal view only one module is drawn). Concentric to system axis (SA) and turnably around is rotor arm (RT, grey) with its hollow shaft for drive (AN). Within rotor arm (RT), again excentrically is (concentric) drilling, within which rotor is beared turnably.
Rotor (RO, green) here however is a ring-shaped hollow cylinder. At its inner wall, again gear rim (ZK) is installed. This gear rim (ZK) is in connection with system-shaft, which there is build as gear wheel (ZR). By this supporting point of connecting teeths, again drive (AB) towards outside of system is organized (analog previously discussed version).
Ring-shaped cylinder of rotor is filled up by water as effective mass (WM, blue). Water fills up nearby whole volume of cylinder, water line (WL) will show parabolic line based on centrifugal forces. Air upside of water is demanded to allow relative movements of water within this tank.
When system is started by drive at hollow shaft of rotor arm (RT), water will also come up turning, based on friction at walls, lastly to same turning speed. If at starting phase also system-shaft is turned up by power input, water will also take this additional turning around rotor axis, after some time.
Then, at short radius (in relation to system axis) will exist relative deceleration of wall in space, but waters will flow ahead, alongside wall, based at water´s inertia. That relative flux within tank, partly will hit onto ´turbine-vanes´ (TS, German Turbinen-Schaufel, red), which are fix installed within tank.
These vanes must not show strong profile like wings. At its ´nose´ flux always hits alongside circle shaped wall. Profile at its front thus must be shaped circled, further back bended a little bit towards inside. Important however is, these vanes show some distance to outer wall and also to inner wall of tank.
Pressure and Suction
Like at earth, also here will come up that (relative high) wave of tide (of waters at right side). Area of air upside water line will allow this movement of water within turning tank. At opposite side (left), based on wall´s faster turning there, also a (relative smaller) wave of tide will come up, by backward-rolling of waters (thus analog to tides at earth).
It´s obvious, relative flux ahead (right side) of that wave hit onto turbine vanes, thus resulting thrust onto rotor. Opposite to common understanding, speed of flux thereby not at all must be decelerated. Flux (M1) at inner side of vanes is only redirected towards inside.
This redirection is of essential importance to waters further inside. These inside waters thereby are accelerated and shifted ahead (into its given turning sense). At opposite side these waters again will flow outwards, based at their given (now relative fast) speed, they well can follow wall there faster moving (so system must not demanded for input of power for re-acceleration there, analog e.g. also to previous chapter of Röhnrad). Above this, also gravity weight will make ´roll´ this wave outwards ahead.
Even more important is flux (M2) at outer side of turbine vanes. Waters there want to flow off that slower turning surface. Water however doesn´t allow ´less density´ (besides cavitation at vanes running too fast). Nevertheless there will exist suction, i.e. different amount and directions of pressures. Lift at wing-like profiles within water, e.g. is much stronger than within air.
All molecules of water do show distance between, by normal molecular movements these water-particles fly to and fro, back and forth, from one collision to next. These movements happen while and within flux in general, however speed of molecular movement is much faster than normal flux speeds within technical apparatus.
Molecules also collide with surface of vanes. Inner side of vanes move counter water flux (vanes there move slower in space, while water goes on moving with average speed), i.e molecules hit relativly often onto inner side of vanes (thus producing pressure onto vanes, thus thrust onto rotor). Based on bended surface (which in motion seams stronger bended than standing still), molecules are redirection towards inside.
Outer side of vanes move off flux (again cause vanes move slower than general water speed there). Molecules thus have longer distance to move until next collision towards outer side of vanes. So they hit fewer onto that surface, thus producing less counter-pressure. Also these molecules, based on bended surface, are redirected towards inside. Both flux moving inside (alongside inner like outer side of vane) build flux of accelerated speed in space, cause running through short inner track.
Energy of directed molecular Movement
To following molecules at outer side of vane this will mean, collision-partners ´fly away´. So also these following molecules can fly rather long distances ahead-inside, before next collision will throw them back. This ´effect of suction´ reaches far back, further back than nose of wing, so here that suction will have effect to waters (M3) far behind vane (counter turning sense).
Alongside outer wall of rotor, thus flux is accelerated in turning sense of system. This is not done by friction, opposite, wall of rotor there moves slower than water flux. However, it´s speed of normal molecular movement, which becomes a very decisive component within general flux.
That´s real cause of suction´s effect: flux is directed and accelerated, simply cause space is made available for free molecular movement (by the rule alongside any bended surface, like lee-side of sails or upper side of wings). This acceleration costs no power input and there is no energy-surplus. The only that happens is, forces of molecular movement normally show chaotically into all directions (and add to null). Within suction area however, for short time and partly, direction of movements is ordered into same direction - so these forces won´t compensate each other in total. Finally directed flux ends into chaotic movements. Before, while and after directed flux, there is not more or less amount of energy. The trick only is, for short time to organize directed flux, so energy-components can have effect towards other bodies or other parts of waters (see details at Fluid-Technology of this website).
Here at this construction as a result, waters at short radius (right side) will not only keep their absolute speed, but by suction at outer side of vanes are accelerated. This acceleration by suction will reach far back through ´jet´ and further back in turning sense. It might seam incredible, however it´s true: waters within this turning tank run ahead of general turnings, inside at these shorter tracks, but also alongside outer wall, each at phases of short radius.
Summary
Power effects at double-star-systems are well known, much better than here could be described. Even nature of inerta and gravity is quite other than commonly assumed, occurences obviously are well to calculate by known forumlas.
If two stars mutually show same ´face´, all masses turn constant around common fulcrum, same angles-speed and differing absolute speeds in space, depending on each radius. Finally one star does show additional rotation around its own axis, masses come to larger and shorter radius, thus relative acceleration and deceleration will exist.
If that star, in addition is build up by materia of different liquidity, given forces can have effect at ´sloped surfaces´. Nevertheless, acceleration of rotor-rotation will only come up in account for deceleration of system´s rotation in total resp. system´s translation within space, thus only transfer of turning momentums occures.
Only by introduction of senseful supporting point for lever arms, relative back-turning of total system is to avoid. System gets input of work resp. power, by resistance of that barriere. Sum of all energies remains constant, no doubt. Backward pressure at this supporting point corresponds to keeping up rotational and translational speed of total system.
So previous gear (with gear wheel at system-shaft and gear rim at inner side of rotor) is decisive, cause only this design allows to take off pressure at supporting point by ´braking´ backward-movements, thus make surplus energy available outside of system. Also this measurement won´t distrube energy-balancy, cause equalation temporaryly is only transfered to secondary system (e.g. an electic generator, where pulling magnet through coils represents brake-momentum).
By these principles, mechanical rotor systems are to realize diverse kind, especially with concern to bearing of rotor and effective masses. So previous Moon-Motor is only one example für many constructional possibilities.
Pur mechanical systems are advantageous (masses of high density are to drive by high speeds). However here, demanded movability of effective masses like their effects at sloped surfaces, fluid-systems could work more effective. Above this, by water are to use effects of suction, resulting directed and accelerated flux, solely by energy of normal molecular movement alongside bended surfaces. Also these occurances are matter of fact (even commonly not with these explanations, like discussed at Fluid-Technology of this website in details).
Essential constructional element for this Tide-Energy-Station is arrangement of turbine vanes. Normally vanes of turbines catch up whole flux, in order to pull off kinetic energy by redirection and deceleration of flux. Here however, vanes are placed within only a part of flux, but with distance to outer and inner wall. By this arrangement, waters at inner side of vane are redirected onto short inner tracks. More important however is, also at outer side of vanes by suction water is redirected towards inside, above this however flux is essentially accelerated alongside outer wall, far back in front of vane.
So Tide-Energy-Station uses all effects of mechanical systems discussed above, in addition however uses effects of suction within fluids. Like at all applications of fluids, decisive results are only achieved when effect of suction sensefully is used.
Now it would make sense, if these conciderations and ideas not only would remain my mental gymnastics, but would be honestly checked and realized by experts. Why should experts hesitate with own contributions - until layman Evert did find optimum technical solution, e.g. by Double-Star-Motor?
Evert / 30.09.2002
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