Schauberger did construct diverse versions of designs for earning energy with a home-power-station. This well known picture does show Schauberger with one of these maschines, this one here one can see at RKS. It´s not known exactly, whether this model did run indeed (history of these attempts is descibed well in commom literature).Inside of this maschine, complex ´twisted pipes´ are installed, showing egg-shaped cross-sectional view with complex turnings. Water inside will be twisted several times and lastly spread out by jets of special design. Flux in reverse direction (besides other effects) should make the maschine turning and produce electricity by a generator.
There were many attempts to solve that problem of effects. Several time models were rebuild. However, none of did run, probably based at complex design of this technology.
Implosion-Power-Maschine
At Nr.132 of Implosion, this picture of an Implosion-Power-Maschine was shown, designed by Leopold Scheriau in 1961. It should show a simplified design of Schaubergers home-power-station. Principle of functions may be described in short like this:
From the water-bassin below, water will flow upwards through a central pipe into a clock-shaped ´distributer´ area. From there, water will flow down through pipes with special cross-section and special turnings. The distributor and theses twisted pipes are part of a rotor, which will turn around the central axis. The water thus will be twisted several times, one twist within the other.
Below, the pipes first show outwards, special jets will redirect twists into straight flux, while now the jets show backwards (in relation to systems turning). By backward flux, rotor will turn resp. turning of system will be generated and maintained. Water will fall down into the bassin below resp. will be directeed downwards by special plades.
Other parts shown at this picture will serve for filling or emptying the system, for starting the maschine or generating electricity, for controling turning speed. These parts are not descibed here. Important however will be, the area above the water in the bassin below is filled up with air, hermetically closed. Also at other pictures and designs, Schauberger did show and talk about ´pressure-areas´. At his texts however, that pressure mostly is described to be not very important.
Suction and pressure
These special, downward showing pipes, Schauberger calls ´suction twist´ (´Sogwendel´). Water within these pipes will ´fall´ down with increasing speed. Thus reducing cross-section these pipes must show. Above this, twist turnings of water will increase more and more. Both motions (and rotors turning too) will cause suction back upwards, pulling up the water within the central pipe into the distributor area.
It´s obvious, speed of flux and centrifugal power of water-masses too, by reverse directed jets will cause turning of rotor. On the other hand, energy-wins by falling-down of water, exactly will correspond to energy-input neccessary for pulling up same amount of water. Same time, centripedal-forces won´t be for free, cause first the water has to be accelerated in tangential direction.
So, by mechanical physics there is no reason for net-free-energy, but probalbly an effect of self-acceleration of flux within these special pipes. Experiments by Prof. Pöpel at University of Stuttgart in 1952 did show, pipes like these will have minimum of friction losses - but no net increase of flux could be demonstrated.
Pressure - pump
Opposite to this would be, when that hermetically closed area above the water bassin should show pressure above normal atmospheric pressure. Then, water by this surplus of pressure could be pressed upwards within the central pipe. Thus, whole energy of falling-down-phase would be available for turning system.
Following Pneumatic-Water-Turbine at first will but describe resp. use that pump-effect of air pressure. So consciously, these complex suction-twist-pipes are not used and also the maschine is designed with small height (thus water won´t fall down from high level). So, function of this pressure-area above the water-bassin can be analysed, theoretically isolated. Above this, by a simple model the predicted effect could be approved easily.
It will make sence, at first to describe but shape and function of few parts used here. Then, approach of handling and motions of fluid can be described. Lastly will be discussed, why which effects may occure. After these basic principles, some details for optimizing the system will be talked about.
Basic parts
Schematically, at EVDLWT 01 structure in principle of this maschine in shown, upside by cross-sectional view, below by longitudinal sectional view. There must be a housing (GE, German Gehäuse), for example a round cylinder. Upside and downside, this cylinder may first be thought to be closed by plan discs.
Upside at this housing, there must be a pipe resp. valve (DR, German Druck-Regulierung) for input/output of air resp. for controlling air pressure. Below at this housing, correspondingly there must be a pipe with stockcock for filling/emptying of water resp. for controlling height of water (WR, German Wasserstands-Regulierung). Upside within the housing, there must be a bearing for the rotor (RO), hermetically closing, might be by magnetic sealing. Probably these sealing problems could be better organized, when the shaft for energy-input and -output is installed upside within the housing.
This rotor (RO) will turn around system axis (SA). In principle, the rotor is build by two discs, one upside, one downside, between which wing-shaped turbine plades (TS, German Turbinen-Schaufeln) are installed. Between each two of these plades, thus channals will exist with cross-sectional areas decreasing from inside towards outside. Quit outside, distance between turbine plades is rather small, so the channel there will end as a narrow slot, practically a jet (DÜ, German Düse).
As a third part, in the center there must be a pipe within which water may rise (SR, German Steigrohr). The downside rotor-disc will show a hole at the center, at which this rising-pipe is installed. The rising-pipe must end deep within the water-bassin.
Handling an movements
When preparing the system, at first the housing must be filled up completly with water (WA). By inlets and outlets (WR and DR) thus water must come in and air must go out. The rotor thereby must turn, thus also air within the channels will completly be replaced by water.
When whole inner areas are filled up and rotor will turn, water within the channels will be accelerated and by centrifugal forces will be pushed out of jets. Correspondingly water will rise upwards through the central pipe. Thus water will circulate within the inner areas.
After this preparing-phase, now at a starting-phase water downside will drain off, upside same time air will be pressed in. One also could press some water downside into a reserve-bassin will. Finally, surface of water should be some below the rotor. Air pressure (DL, German Druckluft) should be that kind, water could be pressed upward within whole rotor, thus may fill channels completly. As this maschine will be but some few cm high, the air pressure must be but some higher than normal atmospheric pressure. Important within this starting-phase will be, the rotor still turning.
When now the air-pressure is increased above that minimum, rotor will turn faster. Now at the system shaft, a momentum as free output energy is available. The amount of energy wanted can be controlled by the amount of air pressure.
Opposite, by reducing air pressure, speed of system turning can be reduced. When the maschine should stop totally, it would make sence to fill up whole inner area will water again, for example from water reserve-bassin mentioned above. Based on friction of rotors turning within that water, system will slow down and finally will stop. From that state, system can be prepared to start again as described above.
Pressure within water
By static view, this maschine won´t work. Thus essential conditions are, the rotor has to turn, within channels a flux from inside towards outside must exist, water has to leave through jets with high speed. Then these forces will work:
Upon whole surface of water, air pressure of pressure-area above will weight down. As water is not compressable, this pressure will spread immediately towards all sides. So this pressure will also exist within these channels within the rotor.
As water may leave through the jets, so this pressure will effect a flux within the channels, from inside towards outside the rotor. That flux alongside the profile of turbine plades will work like well known effects at wings, resulting lift, here in direction of turning sence of system. By the rotors turning, water within the channels will be accelerated. Resulting centrifugal forces will reinforce flux in radial direction. As cross-sectional surface of channels will decrease from inside towards the jets, flux speed will increase more and more towards outside. Corresponding to high kinetic energy of this flux, at the jets outlet high dynamic pressure will exist.
Counter-pressure of air
By static view, the air pressure not only will exist within the water downside and water within the channels, but also will press from outside into the slots of jets. So by static view, there will exist symmetry. Opposite to water, air is compressable, does show lower density, is more flexible. Pressure within air, thus won´t be spread same kind, equally towards all directions like water. A jet stream of water for example, directed into an area of air, will cause air-flux and -twists and -vortices with very different local pressures.
High speed of a water jet stream does work like a suction area, into which air will be pulled. If for example, a pipe will end within a free area of air, around the jet will exist a long stretched ring-vortex of surrounding air.
Here is suggested to use a flat, slot-like jet, one side build by a wall. One the one hand, water thus will flow alongside this wall, on the other hand parallel to the stream of water will exist an air stream of nearby same speed. Around this rotor with several jets, jet streams of (relative heavy) water will create a constant parallel stream of (relative light) air.
This fast layer of air will shield off the general static pressure of air from the jets outlet. Pressure of this air-flux towards the water will be very low, but will push off normal static pressure towards outside. Thus normal static pressure of this air-pressure-area, won´t be able to enter through these jet-slots into the channels.
Thus there is no doubt, within channels will exist a difference of static pressure, high pressure inside, nearby null pressure outside. So the flux within channels, generated within preparation- and starting-phase, will go on by working system, even can be increased by increasing air pressure within that air-pressure-area above the water.
Permanent-Pump
That air pressure, once installed, will work permanent, as a permanent-working-pump, analog e.g. to permanent magnets. The static pressure will steady have effect (without being consumed) towards that relativ calm surface of water, through the rising-pipe to the inner inlet of channels. Opposite, the small outlet slot of jets will show high kinetic pressure of water flux. In addition, this flux will be protected from air pressure by that parallel fast air stream besides the water jet stream.
Source of static pressure and kinetic pressure as well, will be same: that high pressure of air within the pressure area above the water. This area does show relative high speed of molecular motions (like high tempertur at high pressure). There, molecules do show relative high amount of collisions (as density within compressed air is high).
Essential difference however will be, static pressure will have effect to all directions same kind, based on chaotic directions of molecular motions. Opposite, kinetic pressure of a flux is based on motion-vektors showing relativly into same direction. Molecules within directed (laminar) flux move nearby parallel, with relativ few collision in ´disadvantageous´ directions. Thus, a directed flux does show higher ´density´. Above this, water jet stream does show essentially higher masse than air. As a whole, kinetic energy of the water- and parallel air-stream after the jets outlet is much stronger than the static air pressure within this pressure-air-area.
That difference of pressures will be equalized, when the water stream will slow down, by friction alongside the outer rotor wall resp. surrounding air. However, this will occure some later, thus some far away from the jets outlet. Thus each jet at the outer end of channels practically will work like a ´dynamic check valve´, so the static air pressure won´t be able to enter channels from outside.
So this permanent-air-pressure-pump will produce as steady stream into one direction. It´s well known, each 10 m water column will correspond to one atmosophere pressure, resp. one atmophere will produce flux-pressure correspondingly. That kinetic energy of generated stream, by suction and pressure at both sides of the channels can be tranfered into turning energy of this rotor here.
Lift by suction and pressure
Using centrifugal forces, at first will cost energy by accelerating water correspondingly. Thus, centrifugal forces here are but used within the preparation-phase as a decisive momentum, in order to initialize flux within channels. Afterwards at running sytem, centrifugal power is no more prior momentum. Cause an optimum will be given, when the water will move outwards nearby in radial direction.
By jets well known, reaction is achieved. However, lift won´t be caused by pushing out fluid, but solely by differences of pressures at stable parts. That (backward showing) ´hole´ of a jet does represent null (counter-) pressure. On the other hand, at the opposite wall (showing ahead) will be impacted by high pressure. Further inside, the pressure of water will impact on both sides of the channals, but not same kind.
From inside to the jet (which shows nearby tangentially), the backside-wall is relative short and thus strongly curved. With regard to the flux alongside this wall, this wall will ´step back´ rather fast. Thus alongside this wall, a suction area will be, i.e. relative few pressure will impact towards that bachside wall. This wall will end with the hole of the jet, thus there no more pressure at all may show backward, counter the turning of rotor.
Opposite to this, the front-wall of channels are much longer and thus less curved. Flux alongside this wall will be redirected backwards resp. by a radial flux this wall will be pressed ahead (like an inclined plane). This long continouing pressure is much higher than the pressure at backside-wall and jet-hole discussed above. That difference of pressures will be available as lift resp. draft momentum at the systems shaft.
By this concept, not only a simple jet ist installed for accelerating any flux. Here, that jet will work together with ´wing-profiles´ of turbine plades resp. correspondingly shaped walls of channels. As I believe, lift but can be achieved, while kinetic energy of a flux, by pressure will be transfered to a surface (here of the rotor), and same time opposite surface will show most less pressure. That´s why here is recommended to design channels with most large walls, nearby right-angled, ending with a most narrow and longstretched slot as jet-outlet.
Optimizing
These suggestions and predictions could be approved already by simple models. It will be important to check, at which air pressure the jets should show which cross section area for an optimal output.
At EVDLWT 02 the principles above are shown once more, in addition some hints for optimizing. For example, it should be tested jets of diverse kind. Here e.g. it´s a question, whether the backside wall of the jet (DÜ) shouldn´t show a sharp edge, thus at both sides of the outlet stream an air-vortex will be established.
As the channels in principle should show right-angle cross sections, at a second step naturally the edges should be rounded. Both rotor-discs first were shown simply parallel and plan, naturally they could also be konic resp. could be curved.
Inner inlet of channels should be designed flux-conform. Here for an example, the upper rotor-disc in the center is designed hyperbel-like with a central shaft, thus the rotor (RO) could also have a second bearing within the housing downside. Parallel to this curve, the rising-pipe (SR) should be designed. Starting downside, the cross-sectional area available for water flux should decrease continously towards upside and outside, thus an continuously accelerated speed of flux will exist.
Instead of a plane bottom, water would build less negative vortices within a curved bassin. It would be advantageous for example, to establish a ring-vortex within whole water bassin. But the outer layers of water thus would flow into the central rising-pipe, while remaining masses of water practically a ´fluid-fly-wheel´ would be.
At the bottom thereto guiding plades could be installed, as described by Schauberger several times. It would be advantageous, if the water entering the rising-pipe would already show twist conform to rotor turning sence. One the other hand, water leaving the jets could fall onto guiding plades (LS, German Leitschaufeln), fix installed within the housing. Thus these water flux could be directed outward-ahead, according to ring-vortex mentioned above.
Instead of this ring-vortex, one also could try to achieve a potential-twist-vortex within the water bassin. The bottom of the bassin should be much deaper, as a hyperbel-like shaped funnel. While a central shaft will turn and reinforced by suction, thus a self-accelerating twist could be established, and a well prepared flux would rise upwards to the channels inlet.
Further developement
On the other hand, based at these experiments it would be possible, to design maschines with greater height. As an advantage these maschines could show flux with even higher kinetic energy, based on twisting while falling downward. Again one should start with simple cross-sections, right-angled resp. ring-segments, arranged round the central rising-pipe.
As an other step of developement, this shape of Schauberger ´Sogschraube´ (suction-prop) could be combined with a central rising-pipe. Around this prop resp. turbine-plades, a correspondingly shaped body should be installed, also part of the rotor. Plades of this kind, practically are half-pipes, thus an other step towards Schaubergers complex egg-shaped and twisted pipes.
However, these developements towards Schaubergers home-power-station inclusive its qualitative effects will but be possible by evaluating that concept above step by step.
Call for help
To achieve these results, everyone is invited to check my conciderations and suggestions. Physicans could show me errors concerning my suggestion to pressure-differences above. Might be some are able to calculate even the predicted relations. Lots of other aspects could be found to optimize this concept. I do hope, someone would start constructing a model.
At any case, I would be glad to receive any response - mail-adress you will find at my homepage.
One important hint made possible, few days later to design Backstroke-Turbine.
Evert / 13.10.2000