Torque Converter
Drive is done e.g. by combustion engine, where total housing of pump P (light green) becomes rotating. Blades (dark green) of that pump transport oil from inside towards outside. That flow is redirected by blades of turbine T (red) and rotation forces are delivered at turbine-shaft. Fluid again is redirected into original direction by blades of ´stator´ L (yellow). These redirection-blades are stationary at start phase, so sharp redirection results back-dam and additional pressures affect stronger momentum at turbine. At this picture right side these complex ´winded tracks´ of fluid F (blue) is sketched. At running mode however, stator-wheel L is also turning, so practically pump and oil and turbine and this ´stator´ turn likely sense and nearby likely speed around system axis. Similar to this machine, ring-vortex-engines work, however flow is not produced by mechanic pressure but by suction-effects.
Ring-Vortex
At B schematic is shown cross-section of upper part of ring with its general movement from inside towards outside at area of pump P and movement from outside back towards inside at area of turbine T.
At C is sketched cross-section of downside part of ring. Fluid outside moves faster within space and in addition, outer circumference is longer than inside. So schematic here is shown, fast fluid flow outside demands relative small cross-sectional surface. When flow is decelerated and guided to shorter circumference inside, cross-sectional surface must be wider correspondingly, so building broad ´canal´. Finally at area of re-acceleration and towards outside, that canal must become more narrow again.
That animation shows four points of fluid moving synchronous at previous tracks, at one phase are accelerated (red) and next phase are decelerated (blue). Synchronously however, all fluid particles aside of these points move likely and also all particles ahead of and back of these points move simultaneous at their corresponding track sections.
Spiral winded Canals
That ring-sector of 90 degrees is drawn at F once more, here however as straight cylinder F. At its circumference, blue and red section of previous track is marked. Downside of, surface of that cylinder is drawn as flat square with its area of pump G and area of turbine H. Now wanted curved flow around that cylinder respective around previous ring could be forced if guiding-blades are installed, exactly alongside these tracks, right-angles to surface.
Previous cylinder F now again is installed as ´movement-nucleus´ (light red) within that machine, now again ring-shaped. Distance of that ring towards pump and turbine is arranged that kind, previous mentioned varying cross-sectional surfaces are achieved at different parts of canals. Previous wanted movement pattern now is forced if around ring-core F blades S (light blue) are installed, exactly following spiral winded tracks. These blades practically fill up whole space between ring-core, pump and turbine, so canals with corresponding cross-sectional surfaces and wanted track directions are build between these blades.
At area K, surface of pump P glides over canals, so based on friction of fluid alongside that moving surface, fluid becomes accelerated at long stretched track towards outside. At area L, canals are less stretched resp. show more into radial direction inward, so fluid at these sections of canals is decelerated. At area K thus pump moves alongside frontside edges of blades. At area L however, ends of blades are fix connected with turbine. Deceleration of flows affects thrust onto blades, available as turning momentum at turbine shaft.
At this picture downside left, schematic is sketched by red and blue curves, how blades within machine are arranged spiral winded. All blades are fix connected with turbine and thus also ring-nucleus is fix part of turbine. Opposite, pump in principle works only by that half-circle deepening and this surface accelerates fluid by friction. Outside part of surface moves faster within space, so fluid is steady accelerated and ´tornado-effect´ comes up).
No hydraulic Clutch
At torque-converter (and also at hydraulic coupling) also pump-wheel turns by nearby same speed. Opposite here however, pump must turn much faster. If pump e.g. runs 6000 or 12000 rpm, turbine will turn e.g. only 1500 rpm. Turbine should rotate only one tenth or maximum fourth part of pump-speed, so fluid within turbine-blades (previous area L) is pressing outward by essentially less centrifugal forces than fluid at area of pump (previous area K).
While drive of torque-converter or hydraulic coupling are done by engines, here essential driving force is based on suction effect of faster flow - like tornados work. Mechanic drive of pump here must only overcome friction forces or direct acceleration of thin fluid layer. So drive of pump probably will demand only one tenth of turning momentum achieved at turbine-shaft. Essential part of momentum here is achieved by autonomous acceleration of fluid from slow flows towards faster flows (like discussed in details at previous chapters).
Suction- and Pressure-Blades
At picture 06.05.05 left side is shown longitudinal cross-sectional view through corresponding machine. Pump P (red) again shows that deepening all around, within which now however suction-blades S (light red) are arranged. Turbine T (blue) shows likely resp. mirrored shape and within its deepening contrary arranged pressure-blades D (light blue) are installed (details see previous chapter). At this conception, central ring-shaped core F could be totally free, so fluid can move within as it likes to flow.
At this picture at the middle, schematic cross-sections are sketched, left half-circle of pump and right half-circle of turbine. Each edges of blades are marked by curved lines. Suction-blades S (red) for example cover a sector of about 60 degrees, while pressure-blades D (blue) are arranged practically cross within deepening of turbine.
Pump and turbine must not meet exactly at axial level. At this picture right side e.g. an alternative arrangement is sketched, where pump near shaft shows more to right side and opposite, turbine takes fluid further left side, already some before outmost radius. At any case, this conception produces movement pattern analogue to previous, with acceleration of flow from inside outward-ahead. At the one hand fluid follows suction area of back-stepping wall, at the other hand fluid is pressed outward by centrifugal forces. Opposite, fluid is decelerated and redirected inward by pressure-blades of turbine rotating much slower than pump.
Back-affecting Suction
It´s common knowledge, pressure immediately spreads within fluids into all directions. At common pressure-pumps however, blades move all times into their self-produced dam-up pressure, so strong resistance results. Opposite, suction-sides of that suction-pump all times step back from their generated suction areas. As following particles must not overcome strong resistance, they fly behind wall, are rejected some later and with some less speed. As fast as pressure, likely fast and inevitably suction spreads into all directions, here however prevailingly backward to turning sense of system. Even these suction walls are rather low, they affect strong suction also aside (here upside of that disk) and far backward into inlet area (here towards shaft). Based on that relative void (and in addition by centrifugal forces) that flow from inside diagonal outward comes up, faster and faster towards outside.
Transfer of Flow-Pressure
At torque-converters, pump like turbine work by pressure-blades. However pressure-walls there are not arranged right-angles (resp. parallel to system axis) like at this picture, but there blades practically build V-shaped pockets (e.g. see upside picture 06.05.01). Also here that common shape could be used as turbine-element.
However common pressure-pump won´t work optimum as suction-pump if only ´turning false direction´, but previous suction-pump with its horseshoe-blades will be much more effective. Naturally also these suction-blades affect some pressure onto fluid, however only with flat sides of their teeth. Main acceleration of fluid occurs only by friction and essential part is based on autonomous self-acceleration generated by suction.
Kavitation and Cold
Each hitting of particles onto back-stepping suction-wall represents transfer of heat onto solid body, so medium becomes some colder. If pump is isolated that heat however is retransferred onto medium.
Speed of all particles hitting onto back-stepping wall are rejected by speed some reduced, so medium indeed becomes cold. Also turbine steps back from fluid-flow somehow, thus also turbine will not re-accelerate molecular speed of fluid. While pressure-affecting machines become hot, that engine will become cold. Instead of side aggregates like cooling-grills and cooling-circuits that motor will demand ´heat-grills´ or heat-circuits for working medium.
Now probably and immediately comes up analogy to heat-pumps, for most people not very interesting machines because commonly producing only some few kW heat (nevertheless three times more output than input of energies). Here however, that cooling is only side-effect and that machine works not based on heat-extraction from environment. Performance of that machine is based on latent existing huge and inexhaustible kinetic energy of molecular movement of fluid particles - and some litre oil of that engine contain more energy than strongest engines of largest airplanes can produce.
Part of that energy external is usable as ordered flows are generated by suction, so chaotic vectors become ´sorted´ little bit. Kinetic energy of structured flow is transferred into turning momentum by turbine - however molecular movement power by itself is not ´consumed´, but afterward these movements become only less structured, i.e. come back to original chaotic spreading of vectors.
Relative void at back-stepping wall affects as ordering factor, particles occasionally and autonomous fall into that void and only longer distance to next collision represents resp. results that generated flow. It´s absolutely secondary appearance, some particles become rejected some slower - and only for long-running mode that loss of heat must be filled up by environmental heat. Net-performance of that engine however not at all corresponds to that relative cooling of some degrees resp. few m/s of particles speeds - but is based on hundred of m/s of normal molecular speed.
Double-Blade-Wheel
Picture 06.05.07 left side shows longitudinal cross-sectional view and right side shows two partial cross-sectional views. Pump P (red) again shows that deepening running all around, again drawn by half-circled cross-section (however contours well could show other shape, e.g. more long stretched). That concave arch could show smooth surface, advantageous however within that depression previous horseshoe-blades S (light red) with relative low suction-walls are installed.
That ring F is fix connected with shaft of turbine T (dark blue) by some spokes E (light blue). These ´spokes´ function like stator of torque-converter, thus these elements are build like fins or guiding-blades in order to guide fluid diagonal-outward and that flow shows cross to suction-walls of pump.
Also turbine again has that concave depression running all around, which however in principle must show wider cross-sectional surfaces, because fluid there flows inward by decelerated speed. Flow generated by pump now is redirected by only small and relative short blades D (light blue), thus kinetic energy of flow is transferred into turning momentum. These blades are arranged between ring-core F and outer part of turbine. Between these blades well could be arranged smooth bottle-necks corresponding to Laval-nozzles, extreme accelerated flow now immediately is redirected strongly into direction radial-inward (so cross-section of these blades e.g. will show shape of fish with tail fin bended aside).
So in principle, turbine T exists of round disk with concave depression running all around, fix connected outside with that outer blade-wheel D and ring-shaped core F and inner blade-wheel E and central shaft. Fluid by suction-effect alongside pump P and their suction-sides S is accelerated at long stretched track outward. Fluid again is accelerated by nozzles within area of outer blade-wheel, possibly up to ultra-sound-speed, afterwards immediately sharp redirected inwards. Within relative wide back-flow area, fluid can move free, until again redirected by inner blade-wheel into diagonal outward track.
Right side of picture schematic cross-sectional view of pump P (red) is sketched, edges of suction-sides S are marked by curved lines and dotted arrow shows general track of fluid from inside towards outside. Quite right side schematic cross-sectional view of turbine T (blue) is sketched. Inward of ring-nucleus F toward shaft is area of guiding fins E and outside of ring is area of outer turbine-blades D. Dotted arrow shows general track of back-flow.
So this machine offers suitable cross-sectional surfaces for fluid moving outward alongside pump. That track is not hindered by any canals but only that flow is accelerated by cross-showing suction-walls of these horseshoe-blades. Transfer of flows kinetic energy occurs at most large radius via ´nozzle-blades´, producing turning momentum at its best. Afterward, fluid can move free and calm down, until again being guided towards pump by optimum angles. Angles of attack naturally must fit to relation of revolution of pump and turbine (as pump will turn much faster than turbine). Based on that conception most effective machines can and should be constructed.
Constructional Variations
Fluid (yellow) there is decelerated and thus presses with less centrifugal forces towards outside. Flow becomes more chaotic movement, thus showing stronger static pressure. That pressure potential affects through fins E and fluid is pushed into suction area alongside pump. In addition, fluid alongside housing-wall can take heat for balancing system-implied cooling, especially if ´heat-grills´ are installed there.
At this picture right side, variation analogue to upside torque-converter is sketched, as here turbine T (dark blue) is shaped as closed cylinder. Even pump-shaft could be installed within hollow turbine-shaft, so cylinder would be open only at one side.
Same time here is marked, symmetric machine could produce double performance by most small constructional volume. Central pump P (red) shows suction-blades at both sides, so two ring-vortices are rotating within turbine-cylinder. Drive for that double-pump can be organized by one electric-motor while double-turbine drives one electric-generator.
Naturally these machines demand corresponding side-elements and naturally these principles can be realized by various designs. Naturally many further considerations and experiments must be done so optimum is achieved. Nevertheless that general conception is suitable basis for round and unhindered circuit of medium. Unbelievable huge and inexhaustible kinetic energy, latent existing within fluid by their just normal molecular movements, by sure can provide sufficient performance for external usage by machines like these. - So with description of these basic principles for use of Free Energy, my job is done - and rest of jobs must be done by others.
At previous chapters was shown, acceleration of fluid flows relative easy is achieved by small input of forces if friction at rotor surfaces or suction of back-stepping walls are used. Generated flows also relative easy are transferred into turning momentum via any turbine. However at previous chapters also was mentioned, organisation of back-flow is real problem within closed systems.
Well balanced circuit must exist for usage of Free Energy inherent fluids by their normal molecular movements. So subject of that chapter now is conception of autonomous running engine with ´round´ and most unhindered circuit of working medium. As model might serve movement processes within torque-converter. Its principle of construction is shown at picture 06.05.01 and its principle of flow processes are well known:
An other well known appearance might serve as second example of wanted round and closed circuit of fluid-flows: ´smoke-vortex´ which can move through space for many meters without loss of its initial movement pattern. At picture 06.05.02 is sketched similar ring-shaped movement pattern. At A at first is shown diagonal view, where tracks of background are drawn thin and track sections at foreground are drawn thick.
Red area represents pump P where fluid becomes accelerated. That section of track is stretched in turning sense of system and in addition track is bended towards outside, half-circle-shaped around longitudinal axis of that ring. Blue area represents turbine T where flow is decelerated, i.e. fluid moves back inside again at half-circle-track however by most shorter distance.
At D are marked long stretched curves of track section at area of pump by red colour, while shorter track sections at area of turbine are drawn blue. Around total ring, all fluid flows around practically at parallel tracks, like here marked by several curves. One track at red area and one blue track are outlined, where fluid turns once around system axis and same time its track is winded four times around longitudinal ring-axis.
At Picture 06.05.04 that movement process is drawn once more and basic conception of corresponding machine is shown. Fluid at the one hand rotates around system axis like marked by arrow A. At the other hand, fluid turns around longitudinal axis of ring, first towards outside (arrow B) and afterwards again back inward (arrow C). Decelerated inward movement (blue) at area of turbine occurs at shorter distance, e.g. within sector of 30 degrees (D) around system axis. Accelerated outward movement at area of pump can take e.g. sector of 60 degrees (E) around system axis.
Downside right at this picture, cross-sectional view of that machine is shown. Around system axis, pump P (red) can rotate. Pump in principle is disk-shaped with half-circled depression running all around. Opposite is positioned turbine T (blue), mounted also turnable at system axis. Also that turbine shows that deepening running all around system axis, practically as half-circled hollow ring.
These sections of blades arranged relative cross resp. radial at area of turbine-deepening (previous picture at L) have same function like turbine blades of previous mentioned torque-converter. Also within torque-converter exists ring-shaped core around which oil turns winded. Here that ring-core F is fix connected with turbine. Parts of blades showing towards pump (at previous picture that area K) are more long stretched and represent function of stator-wheel at torque-converter. At running mode of torque-converter, that stator turns nearby as fast as turbine-wheel and thus correspondingly here these parts of blades are also fix connected with turbine.
Movement process within torque converter is rather complex and hard to imagine. Previous movements of ring-vortex conception is much easier and blades only rebuild wanted motion tracks. Also previous chapter discussed constructional elements of rather complex shape, however with clear functions. Pump there shows only suction-sides and fluid practically is generated only by autonomous acceleration based on suction of back-stepping wall. Opposite, kinetic energy of flow is transferred into mechanic turning momentum exclusively by pressure-sides of turbine. These teeth-like blades are arranged especially advantageous within any round edge, here e.g. within half-circle deepenings running all around system axis at previous pump- and turbine-disks.
Picture 06.05.06 shows simple model of suction-pump with principle shape of its ´horseshoe-blades´. If this wheel turns counter clock-wise, fluid is dragged by back-stepping walls. These edges are rather small, nevertheless suction will affect within wide area. Back-stepping wall reflects particles all times with some delay and particles fly back with some reduced speed.
Analogue resp. mirrored to that pump, turbine is to build with its pressure-sides. Kinetic energy of flows can only be transferred into mechanic turning momentum by application of pressure, transmitted via redirection of flows, so fluid same time can flow off turbine. Pressure-walls of turbine should be much higher than at pump of that picture and in addition should show much more radial towards inside.
V-shaped blades e.g. of torque-converter are good for pressure-transfer, because within these gaps fluid is dammed up. Naturally these V-shaped edges would also produce some suction if turning wrong direction. However fluid can not move fast enough into these gaps, so strong cavitation would come up. At tooth-like blades with only low suction-walls fluid can follow easy, so danger of cavitation is much smaller. In order to avoid any cavitation, working medium must be put on strong general pressure, like common technology of practically all hydraulic units. So this engine naturally demands additional aggregates like pressure tanks and hydraulic pumps.
At first version (upside picture 06.05.04) total movement processes run within canals between curved blades. Such limitations are not advantageous for flows, e.g. based on friction at large surfaces (besides wanted friction at pump surface). At previous version (picture 06.05.05) total ring-shaped area between pump and turbine is free available for fluid, so fluid-conform movements could come up. Following conception practically combines both previous versions and their advantages.
Now again exists ring-shaped core F (dark blue), so fluid (yellow) alongside pump has limited cross-sectional surface, decreasing from inside towards outside. Cross-sectional surface must be constant concerning each larger radius and adjusted to different speeds (more asymmetric than sketched at these pictures).
At picture 06.05.08 that conception is drawn once more with some variations. Left side, previous longitudinal cross-sectional view is sketched once more, where here turbine T (blue) however exists only by shaft, inner fins E, ring-core F, outer blades D, outside connected only by small ring. Back-flow of area H now is bordered by wall of housing G (grey).
06.06. Summary
Implosion-Machines