Suction in Slices
General movement principle is shown at picture 05.10.01: if disk-shaped mass of air moves turning around (here upside dark blue ring or disk resp. slice), air of neighbouring disks (here below, marked by each lighter blue) moves diagonal up into each faster turning mass of air. So that system results spiral upward movement (see arrow), which becomes accelerated, more dense and better structured towards upward.
Evidence
Fluid is guided by canals which are arranged spiral around cone and which are open towards housing. Richard Clem worked with asphalt pumps and detected, machines transported that tough masses even drive of pump was stopped - going on for minutes. He constructed similar engine as drive for his car - which did run without any consumption of fuel. Scientists like members of automobile-producers got convinced of that system. Obviously that engine was too good - so invention ´disappeared´ and Clem preferred no longer to talk about.
Without knowledge of these real and really running engines, I described a ´Potential-Twist-Pump´ at my Fluid-Technology some years ago, principle design is sketched at this picture at C: within housing D is turning bell-shaped rotor E and at its circumference are installed canals F. These canals are open outside towards housing and also inside are open towards second rotor G which turns by double speed.
Fluid rotates around system axis corresponding to rotation of rotor E. By friction at housing D like at inner rotor G results secondary rotation of fluid within canals F. As walls at larger radius glide faster alongside canals, twist flow becomes accelerated increasingly, so previous mentioned ´disk-suction-effect´ comes up.
Decisive effect however works without that double-rotor as well. Mazenauer used one cone as pump and one cone as turbine, however pump-part is not really necessary. Clem had arranged canals rather flat and thus oil (he used as medium) got rather hot, so canals should be shaped other kind. Some solutions and hints for improvement already are presented at previous mentioned chapter, here at the following however are discussed much better designs.
General Cone-Shape
Upside at picture, previous ´disks´ are marked by different blue colours and arrows mark increasing speed of rotation within canals. Inlet (left side) opens rather wide, while canals become long stretched at larger radius (right side).
At this picture right side, schematic are shown cross sectional views resp. upside and downside two views into axial direction. At upper half, inlets frontside-inside are sketched, where canals start in shape of circle-segments. Towards backside-outward, canals B become circle-shaped and their outer sides are open towards wall of housing. At downside half, some lines mark longitudinal axis of canals, showing diagonal to system axis, thus running spiral around rotor cone from frontside towards backside.
General Cone-Shape
Downside left, cross sectional view shows start of canals, where these small blades grasp only parts of fluid (which is transported inside of blades towards backward-outside). Fluid outside of blades at the one hand sticks at wall of housing, at the other hand is dragged with turning movement of rotor. As mentioned upside, that suction reaches from end of vortex back into inlet area, so already here exists twist-flow between blades. Above this, air outside of blades starts rolling inward by separated vortices.
At this picture at the middle downside at D, blades already reach out some wider and twist within canals still suck in further fluid parts. At this picture downside right at E, blades reach out to wall of housing, so all air masses are grasped off wall. As circumference there is still rather short, canals of that area might be rather deep.
So fluid within canals moves faster ahead than rotor turns at some phases. Generating that additional movement costs nearby no energy input because resulting just of friction. This effect becomes stronger if canals at the following become cross-sections more flat (at G), so longer distances come up alongside wall of housing and also forward-movement of fluid inside of canal can run longer distances. If lastly twist-movement is finished, as cross-section of canals becomes closed flat shape (at H), increased speeds of flows can be used for diverse applications.
Decisive acceleration however results of previous mentioned ´disk-suction-effect´. Friction of fluid at walls is only trigger for additional twist motion within canals, and finally these speed-differences from frontside to backside affect self-acceleration by autonomous order of normal molecular movements. Enormous forces coming up at tornado, practically here are rebuild within each canal. As open sides of canals glide alongside walls increasingly faster, ´fluid-disks´ of different speeds are generated, however real dynamic comes up only by better structure of vectors generated automatic by that movement pattern.
Jet-Engine
Fuel is injected and fired, here marked by yellow triangles E. There will come up no back-stroke as accelerated gases follow fast flow continuously running further back off. Possibly cross-section of canals or radius of spiral track could rise little bit at area of combustion (or combustion could be done within separate chambers and only hot gases are mixed into canals).
Some canals are guided inward towards turbine F and flow is redirected into axial direction by blades of turbine. So there results drive for airplane plus drive for rotor, controlled by mass of injected fuel. Downside left at H by cross-sectional view schematic is sketched, how fluid of canals D is guided by stator-blades towards turbine F, affecting turning momentum at rotor C.
Flow of remaining canals is redirected into axial direction by fix blades G, so drive results, again controlled by mass of injected fuel into these canals. Downside right at I by cross-sectionals view schematic is sketched, that redirection should be done by most large surfaces G by most flat jets, so rejection becomes most effective.
Opposite to common jet-engines, within that new conception, fluid is guided steady alongside bended surfaces, all times into likely directions, partly even by overlaid turning movements. Motion by priority is rotation around system axis and only at the very end one single sharp redirection straight backward occurs, so total kinetic energy is transferred into drive-force. High density and speed economical is only to achieve by these well ordered flows and resulting of are most better affects than of motion-chaos of common jet-engines.
´Tornado´-engine with diameter of e.g. one metre e.g. turns by 2400 rpm, so air is accelerated to some 120 m/s and by overlaid twist will automatically accelerate at least up to 150 m/s. Combustion could double that speed. Every acceleration beyond that fluid-inert potential of sound-speed however is totally in vain.
Specialists might calculate thrust and consumption, weight and costs of that simple construction. Airplanes of new technology (see last but one chapter) will have fuselage e.g. twenty metres wide so ten of these ´whispering´ engines could be integrated at rear end of body. Maximum performance of these engines is only demanded for acceleration of airplane up to 100 or 200 km/h, because later most work for drive and lift is done by techniques of dam-up-motors (see previous chapter).
Closed Circuit
Within housing A (grey) turns rotor C (red) and at its cone-shaped surface again are installed canals B (light red). Water (blue) within canals is accelerated in turning sense of system and based on inertia resp. centrifugal forces is pushed upward-outward. This flow hits onto blades E of turbine D (yellow) thus producing turning momentum. Turbine rotates slower than rotor as both are connected via rotor-shaft and turbine-hollow-shaft by gear F (green).
At outlet E of turbine, water flies off into area of air. Water still shows (reduced) speed into turning sense of system, so that diagonal jet hits onto water surface of tank and drives that water steady into circling motion. Water is guided downside-inside by some fins. These stationary fins G (between dotted lines) are arranged spiral from outside-upside towards inside-downside. At the other hand these fins connect central ´oval´ ring H (dark grey) with housing.
Rotating water within that round tank naturally presses outward based on centrifugal forces, at the other hand suction of canals drags water towards downside inlet area. If both forces would be balanced, turning momentum of water would keep constant, so water downside should turn correspondingly faster.
Quite ´natural´ turning impulse is constant at this closed system, i.e. water within canals must not really be accelerated (resp. acceleration immediately is transferred back into turning momentum by blades of turbine). Net-profit of that machine results of kinetic energy of twist flow within canals. Trigger is friction at inner wall of oval ring H, towards which canals are open. Ordered flow of twist however results only energy by normal molecular movements of water. By corresponding shape of canals and blades, complete flow-pressure of twist-flow - plus acceleration based on disk-suction-effect - is available for external use, nearby without costs.
Suction Effect
Radial pump sucks in water through central inlet and pushes water outward. Each canal is build by two side-walls, one pressure-wall and one suction-wall. Alongside pressure-wall exists high density resp. from inside towards outside increasing pressure (marked by dark blue).
At E is sketched by star-like lines, that pressure affects into any directions likely. That pressure can not disperse towards outward (because normally at outlet of pump exists higher pressure than at inlet). That pressure can escape forward (however pressure-wall follows immediately). That pressure can escape inward (because there exists less pressure). So indeed comes up flow alongside suction-side towards inward (see arrow), thus relative backwards to wanted transport of water. Pressure-pumps like these build up resistance by their own and thus can not use potential of energies inert of medium.
Opposite works Tornado-Motor with given kinetic energy of medium, like shown at this picture downside. At F schematic is sketched rotor (red), alongside its cone-shaped surface these canals (light red) are installed with their open sides towards wall of housing (grey). At G is shown view into axial direction onto rotor and its diagonal canals (all times left-turning). At H once more three canal-cross-sections are drawn by some larger scale.
At K again is marked by dark blue, at backside wall exists steady pressure area, while further ahead of exists less pressure (blue) and at frontside wall even less pressure (light blue). At L again star-like lines mark that pressure affects likely in any directions. Here however that pressure does not weight on total backside-wall (like at previous pressure-wall of radial-pump), but pressure can disperse downward. Resulting of is flow showing forward as marked at M by arrow. This flow can go on into frontside area of relative less pressure, so complete twist flow comes up within canals.
At each larger radius of rotor, open sides of canals glide faster alongside wall of housing, so resulting ´disks´ of increasing turning speeds and thus effect of self-acceleration according to picture 05.10.01 starts working (like already described in details at previous chapters). Kinetic energy of twist flow plus self-acceleration of ´disk-suction-effect´ are decisive energy-difference between normal radial pumps and that Tornado-techniques. Above this, that new ´pump´ is much easier to turn because resistance exists only at relative small pressure-area. Pressure there naturally comes up on and on, however same time that pressure disperses into twist flow.
Included Back-Flow
Within housing A (grey) again rotor C (red) is turning and at its cone-shaped surface canals B are installed. Upside of picture, acceleration of water from left to right side is marked by different blue colours. Right side, flow again is decelerated and guided back within rotor through second (new) canal D (and left side water is guided back into canal B).
At longitudinal view downside, canal B is marked light red. Water right side is redirected inward by guiding fins E (dark grey) of housing. Flow hits onto blades F (yellow) of rotor and is redirected towards left into canal D (light green). Blades turn at shorter radius some slower within space and thus decelerate flow while redirection, so turning momentum results. At cross-sectional view right side, at one half is sketched redirection by guiding fins E (dark grey) towards turbine blades F (yellow).
Right side of cross-sectional view shows outer canal B with its fast flow (dark blue) and inner canal D with its slower flow (light blue). Longitudinal view shows, both ring-shaped canals are arranged diagonal to system axis, each in direction of flows showing from inside towards outside. By that shape of canals, circuit of water is accelerated by inertia resp. centrifugal forces (while right side via redirection that surplus of speeds of rotating plus twisting motions is transferred into turning momentum).
Convection-Flow
Left side again is marked by different blue colours, how flow sinks down at the middle and is accelerated increasingly at upward motion outside. At the one hand, water moves faster within space based on increasing radius of rotor. At the other hand, motion relative to wall of housing becomes fast and thus also twisting flow. Third however, spiral movement upward within canals is accelerated based on ´disk-suction-effect´.
Analogue to conception of earlier picture 05.10.06, now at this version is used variation of separate turbine E (yellow) and their blades F as an example. Principle of design now is similar to turning-momentum-converter, where turbine here corresponds to turbine-wheel there, while rotor here corresponds to pump-wheel there. However here canals of pump are long stretched (so canals open most long distance alongside wall of housing) - and pump here produces decisive acceleration by itself.
Left half of cross-section shows view onto turbine resp. how fast flow of outer canal B is guided into inner canal D via turbine E resp. their blades F. Right half of cross-section shows, canals B at their ends have rather flat cross-section surface, so twist ends and well ordered flow of high speed enters turbine. Within central canal D however, water should not be put into narrow canals, so there e.g. only four cross-beams between central and outer part of rotor will do.
Here are drawn only shaft of rotor and hollow shaft of turbine. Both could be connected by gear or imput power for drive of rotor and output power of turbine could be controlled separately, depending on application of that motor.
Motor-Block
Central canal D now is ring-shaped hollow space near axis. Only some cross-beams F could be included serving for stability. Rotor C now is round cylinder resp. could also be round truncated cone. Water moves all times within rotor, only outside canals B are open towards wall of housing and there gliding alongside. Outer canals are also closed downside and upside, thus reach from B to E at this drawing.
So no longer exist problems at transition from canals to turbine-blades. If canal starts radial at B and ends radial at E and also fins F are installed radial, no problems exist with correct angles of attack. Water all times flows along canal walls, except at wall of housing for wanted effects of friction there. Cross-sectional surfaces of canals thus are free to design, e.g. also with sufficient distance between for stabile construction.
At this picture right side schematic are sketched two neighbouring outer canals B with their design of cross-sections from downside up. Inlet (downside) can be nearby square (naturally with rounded edges), will smooth pass into round shape, afterward to some longer stretched shape, so distances for friction like for additional motion ahead become longer. At end of outer canals (here upside), cross-section is ´tilt´ resp. twisted, so most wide pressure side results (practically replacing turbine blades). Finally outer canal will end nearby square into inner canal D. Inner side of canals B all times can be concave (because there is no transition to canals of housing or turbine), so twist flow can run anywhere optimum shape.
Cross-sections here are drawn some shifted in order to show, each outer canal starts radial, afterwards however is bended diagonal to system axis, thus is winded spiral around surface of rotor. At the end of canal however (here upside), canal again is bended and twisted into radial direction and by that redirection turning momentum is transferred onto rotor. At the following, water flows through inner canal D with constant speed back to inlet area of canal B.
So principle of Tornado-Motor is to realize by most diverse variations. However that last version probably will be most clear application of, with minimum number of constructional elements and most compact design. However, caution is called for testing that machine: without sufficient load resp. brakes it will self-accelerate up to sound-speed - and probably explode like Hans Mazenauer experienced.
Filled up Tank
If for example previous round cylinder is build by 60 cm diameter and 60 cm length, some 40 litres water will represent effective mass. Internal energy of that medium is comparable with kinetic energy of total machine flying by ultrasound-speed. Normally chaotic vectors of internal motions neutralize mutually in total. Only small part of must be ordered into some better structure which is usable for redirection of flow in order to produce steady turning momentum - without any consumption of original energy, because molecular movements by themselves never ever are stopped by that technology. At every whirlwind these processes start occasionally and rise up to enormous forces. At that machine these processes are rebuild systematic and produce power as we like it.
Petrol of half tank will drive vehicles at land, at water and in the air - without consuming that oil for ever. Stationary Tornado-Motors can drive electric generators anywhere for power supply. Richard Clem build that motor for his car by these principles (see picture 05.10.11). Automotive manufacturers got convinced of function and it´s also well known by global players of energy-industries - and corresponding to their aims that invention ´got lost´. At that new century however it´s high time finally to replace fatal combustion technology, e.g. by this absolutely clean and safe engine.
Previous chapters discussed use of air movements coming up by suction effects from low density areas or from neighbouring faster flows. At chapter 05.02. ´Three Times Suction-Effects´ was mentioned third kind of suction-effect, which e.g. produces cyclones downside of thunderclouds. Utilisation of violent forces of these ´storm-trunks´ now is discussed here.
At chapter ´Auto-Motor - Autonomous Suction-Turbine´ of my website that effect already was described. As prove that effect really works I mentioned two inventions and told story of these developments some decades ago. At picture 05.10.02 at A is shown principle design of autonomous working engine of American Richard Clem (side-units are marked green, fluid-throughput is marked blue).
Swiss Hans Mazenauer constructed some years an engine, central element is shown at this picture at B. Also here canals are open towards outside and arranged spiral alongside double-cone, which fits into correspondingly shaped housing. As machine lastly was started, it accelerated autonomous - however Mazenauer had not installed sufficient brakes so engine finally exploded - remaining scrap metal of one million Swiss francs, however Hans had no more money for reconstruction.
At picture 05.10.03 general principle of effect schematic is shown, at first left side as longitudinal cross-sectional view through system axis. Within housing A (grey) cone-shaped rotor C (red) is turning and at its surface are installed diverse canals B. Outer open sides of canals glide alongside wall of housing, by increasing radius faster and faster.
At that longitudinal view downside, schematic are marked spiral tracks of vortex within canal, which shows increasing intensity from left to right side. Suction effect starts from fast rotation (right side), affecting towards each neighbouring area (left of) and reaches back even into inlet area. Thus there fluid is sucked in, even before fluid is grasped by ´blades´ of canal walls.
At picture 05.10.04 previous cross-sections are drawn once more by some larger scale, again by different sections. There are drawn some parts of housing A (grey), of rotor C (red) and canals B (light red) resp. walls between canals in shape of ´blades´.
Finally at larger circumference, upside right at F, canals become nearby circled cross-sections. Movements there are marked by arrows. Generally, fluid within canals moves around system axis corresponding to rotor rotation (central arrow showing left). Upside at wall of housing, fluid becomes decelerated by friction, thus turns some backward relative to rotor (short arrow upside, showing right). At wall right side of canal steady comes up dam-up-pressure which can disperse only towards inside (arrow right side, showing downward). Opposite, at left side of canal steady comes up relative emptiness as air stays back at wall of housing, so alongside that wall also comes up flow (arrow left side, showing upward). At inner side of canal, between high pressure (right side) and low pressure (left side) comes up flow forward in turning sense of system (arrow downside, showing left), faster than rotation of rotor.
Modern jet-engines of airplanes are real masterpieces, engineers and technicians can be proud of. On the other hand one could see these techniques quite different. It´s impression of opinion, air must be moved straight backward so airplane moves forward, the more pressure is used the more drive comes up. Producing pressure is totally uneconomical because inevitably producing resistance by square. No pressure is needed but only motion is demanded and motion is to produce by minimum resistance. Common jet-engines however move air by zigzag through rotor- and stator-blades like shredder. That´s really no elegant and fluid-conform flux-technology and naturally each engine ´roars with pain´.
At picture 05.10.05 schematic is sketched an engine based on previous considerations, upside by longitudinal cross-sectional view, downside by two cross-sectional views. Within housing A turns rotor C. Its canals B resp. their blades are arranged spiral alongside cone- resp. bell-shaped rotor. At end of that pump accelerated flow ´rolls´ into four or more canals D of housing, which go on parallel to each other, spiral backwards, even at some shorter radius.
Previous engine is open system as air moves through machine from frontside to backside. Much more important however is application of that technique within closed system, where medium more dense is guides at circuit. At the following is used water (marked blue) as medium, however oil preferably could be used. Picture 05.10.06 at first shows hybrid solution as areas of water and areas of air exist.
Because many readers still won´t follow these ideas, essential characteristics of that technique once more are discussed. Previous rotor in principle is quite normal radial pump. Corresponding design schematic is sketched at picture 05.10.07, at A by longitudinal cross-sectional view, at B by cross-section view through longitudinal axis, at C by view onto outlet and at D by side view.
Following conceptions are different to previous - and also different to Mazenauer- and Clem-Engine - as now back-flow of medium is organized within rotor itself. Resulting of is circuit within design much more compact. At picture 05.10.08 left side is sketched longitudinal cross-sectional view and right side are drawn two halves of cross-sectional views through system axis.
When stirring coffee (or even tee) within cup, well known convection flow comes up by combination of centrifugal and gravity forces - and likely motion pattern comes up if axis of previous machine is put vertical, like schematic shown at picture 05.10.09.
Picture 05.10.10 shows one last version of that machine: absolute compact motor-block with closed canals. Different intensity of rotation- and twist-motions again are marked by different blue colours. Conception drawn left side by longitudinal cross-sectional view is analogue to previous, however with following changes.
Naturally this motor would work also by air. Molecular speed of medium more dense naturally is to use by corresponding smaller machines. Just that viscosity of fluids favours order of flows, e.g. inclusive suction affecting back through flow towards inlet. Opposite naturally much stronger forces affect at redirections of flows by pressure sides of ´turbine-part´.
05.11. Spiral-Canal-Engine
Ether-Physics and -Philosophy